Sure, let’s break down your questions:
SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory) Cell:
SRAM is made up of flip-flops, typically arranged in a matrix. Each cell consists of a flip-flop circuit made up of cross-coupled inverters. It retains its data as long as power is supplied to the system. SRAM is faster and more expensive compared to DRAM.
DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory) Cell:
DRAM is made up of a capacitor and a transistor. Each cell stores a single bit of data as a charge on the capacitor. The charge in the capacitor leaks over time, so the data needs to be periodically refreshed. DRAM is slower but less expensive compared to SRAM.
Memory Chip Calculation:
To calculate the number of RAM chips needed to build a memory of size 16M words with a word size of 32 bits, we first need to find out how many bits are in 16M words:
16M words * 32 bits/word = 512M bits
Each RAM chip has a size of 256K * 8 bits = 2M bits.
So, the number of RAM chips needed is:
512M bits / 2M bits/chip = 256 chips
Disk Storage Capacity:
To find the storage capacity of the disk, we multiply the number of recording surfaces, tracks per surface, and sectors per track, and then multiply by the storage capacity of each sector:
Storage capacity = 16 recording surfaces * 32 tracks/surface * 64 sectors/track * 1 MB/sector
= 16 * 32 * 64 MB
= 32,768 MB
Rotational Latency Calculation:
Rotational latency is the average time it takes for the desired sector to rotate under the read/write head. It depends on the rotational speed of the disk.
Rotational latency = (1 / (2 * rotational speed)) * 60
Given the rotational speed is 12000 rpm (revolutions per minute), the rotational latency is:
Rotational latency = (1 / (2 * 12000)) * 60
= 0.0025 minutes or 0.15 seconds
So, the rotational latency is 0.15 seconds.