Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) is a goal-oriented therapeutic approach that focuses on solutions rather than dwelling on problems.
Here are the key assumptions and therapeutic processes involved in SFBT:
Assumptions of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy:
- Client Expertise: Clients are seen as experts on their own lives and experiences. They have the strengths and resources needed to create solutions to their problems.
- Solution-Oriented: The therapy focuses on identifying and amplifying solutions rather than analyzing problems extensively. It assumes that small changes can lead to significant improvements.
- Future-Oriented: The therapy emphasizes setting clear goals and imagining a future where these goals have been achieved. It does not delve deeply into past issues or causes of problems.
- Collaborative Relationship: Therapists collaborate with clients in a respectful and non-judgmental manner. They actively involve clients in setting goals and designing interventions.
- Change is Constant: SFBT assumes that change is constant and that clients are capable of making positive changes in their lives.
Therapeutic Process in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy:
- Identifying Goals: The therapist and client work together to identify specific, clear, and achievable goals that the client wants to achieve.
- Exception Questions: Therapists ask questions that focus on exceptions to the problem. These are times when the problem could have occurred but did not, or times when the problem was less severe.
- Scaling Questions: Therapists use scaling questions to help clients assess their current situation and progress toward their goals. Clients are asked to rate their current situation on a scale, which helps them see their progress.
- Miracle Question: The therapist asks the “miracle question,” which helps clients envision a future where their problem is resolved. This encourages clients to think creatively about solutions and goals.
- Identifying Resources: Therapists help clients identify their strengths, resources, and past successes that can be used to achieve their goals.
- Setting Tasks: Clients are encouraged to take small, manageable steps toward their goals between sessions. These tasks are designed to build momentum and reinforce positive changes.
- Feedback and Review: Throughout the therapy process, therapists provide feedback and review progress with clients. They celebrate successes and adjust interventions as needed.
- Termination: SFBT is typically brief, and termination occurs when clients feel they have achieved their goals or are confident in continuing progress independently.
Overall, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy is pragmatic, future-focused, and collaborative, aiming to empower clients to find solutions that work for them and achieve positive changes in their lives efficiently.