The Universal Immunization Program (UIP), formerly known as the Universal Immunization Program (UIP), is a public health program launched by the Government of India with the aim of providing free, comprehensive immunization services to all eligible individuals across the country.
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The program aims to protect children and adults from vaccine-preventable diseases and reduce morbidity, mortality, and disability associated with these diseases. The UIP offers a range of vaccines to target diseases such as tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, measles, hepatitis B, and others.
The vaccination schedule under the Universal Immunization Program in India includes a series of vaccines administered at specific ages to provide protection against various infectious diseases. The schedule is periodically updated based on disease epidemiology, vaccine availability, and recommendations from national and international health authorities. The current vaccination schedule under UIP in India includes the following vaccines and doses:
1. **Birth Dose:**
РBCG (Bacillus Calmette-Gu̩rin): Administered at birth to protect against tuberculosis (TB).
– OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine): Administered at birth to provide protection against polio.
2. **6 Weeks:**
– OPV: First dose of oral polio vaccine.
– IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine): First dose of inactivated polio vaccine.
– Pentavalent Vaccine: First dose of pentavalent vaccine containing antigens against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib).
3. **10 Weeks:**
– OPV: Second dose of oral polio vaccine.
– IPV: Second dose of inactivated polio vaccine.
– Pentavalent Vaccine: Second dose of pentavalent vaccine.
4. **14 Weeks:**
– OPV: Third dose of oral polio vaccine.
– IPV: Third dose of inactivated polio vaccine.
– Pentavalent Vaccine: Third dose of pentavalent vaccine.
5. **9 Months:**
– Measles Vaccine: First dose of measles vaccine.
6. **16-24 Months:**
– OPV: Booster dose of oral polio vaccine.
– DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus) Vaccine: Booster dose of DPT vaccine.
– Measles Vaccine: Second dose of measles vaccine.
7. **5-6 Years:**
– OPV: Additional dose of oral polio vaccine as part of the pulse polio immunization campaign.
– DPT: Second booster dose of DPT vaccine.
– Measles Vaccine: Second booster dose of measles vaccine.
In addition to the above schedule, India also conducts national immunization days for polio eradication efforts, during which additional doses of oral polio vaccine are administered to children under the age of five.
It’s important to note that the vaccination schedule may vary slightly based on factors such as regional epidemiology, vaccine supply, and specific recommendations from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India. Parents and caregivers are advised to consult with healthcare providers or visit government health facilities to ensure that their children receive all recommended vaccinations according to the UIP schedule. Regular vaccination is essential to protect children from vaccine-preventable diseases and safeguard public health.